Abstract: Strongyloidiasis is a helminth infection that remains under-researched despite its ability\nto cause significant illness. Women and children may be at particular risk of health consequences\nfrom this parasite. This systematic literature review aims to examine research on the long-term health\neffects that strongyloidiasis has in pregnant women and children. We conducted a structured search\nusing multiple databases to collect all primary studies discussing health effects of strongyloidiasis in\nthe aforementioned groups. The review included 20 results: 16 primary studies and four case reports.\nThe methodological quality of studies was substandard, and there was substantial heterogeneity to\nthe statistical analysis and outcomes assessed in the literature. Statistically significant associations\nwere found between strongyloidiasis and low birth weight, as well as wasting. No links were found\nbetween strongyloidiasis and anaemia. Due to testing methods used in the studies, the prevalence of\nStrongyloides stercoralis in these studies was probably under-estimated. Current research is suggestive\nthat strongyloidiasis has long-term adverse health effects on the offspring of infected mothers and\nin chronically-infected children. Data analysis was hindered by both methodological and statistical\nflaws, and as such, reliable conclusions regarding the health impacts could not be formed.
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